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OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the existing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for evidence of the efficacy and safety of head acupuncture (HA) plus Schuell's language rehabilitation (SLR) in post-stroke aphasia.@*METHODS@#Seven databases including Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Technology Periodical Database, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, SinoMed and Wanfang Data Information Site were searched for RCTs published from database inception until November 14, 2021. RCTs that compared HA plus SLR with sham (or blank) control, acupuncture therapy alone, certain language rehabilitation therapy alone or other therapies for post-stroke aphasia were included. Data were extracted and assessed, and the quality of RCTs was evaluated. Fixed-effects model was used, with meta-inflfluence analysis, meta-regression, and regression-based sub-group analyses applied for exploration of heterogeneity. Publication bias was estimated by funnel plots and Egger's tests.@*RESULTS@#A total of 32 RCTs with 1,968 patients were included and 51 comparisons were conducted classified as types of strokes and aphasia. (1) For patients with aphasia after ischemic stroke, HA plus PSA showed significantly higher accumulative markedly effective rate [relative risk (RR)=1.55, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.19-2.02, I2=0%] and accumulative effective rate (RR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.09-1.36, I2=0%). (2) For patients with comprehensive types of stroke, HA plus PSA was more effective in increasing recovery rate (RR=1.89, 95% CI: 1.39-2.56, I2=0%), accumulative markedly effective rate (RR=1.53, 95% CI: 1.36-1.72, I2=9%) and accumulative effective rate (RR=1.14, 95% CI: 1.09-1.19, I2=34%). (3) For patients with aphasia after stroke, HA plus PSA was superior to PSA alone with statistical significance in increasing recovery rate (RR=2.08, 95% CI: 1.24-3.46, I2=0%), accumulative markedly effective rate (RR=1.49, 95% CI: 1.24-1.78, I2=0%) and accumulative effective rate (RR=1.15, 95% CI: 1.06-1.24, I2=39%). (4) For patients with multiple types of aphasia, HA plus PSA also demonstrated significantly higher recovery rate (RR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.28-2.72, I2=0%), accumulative markedly effective rate (RR=1.55, 95% CI: 1.35-1.78, I2=22%), and accumulative effective rate (RR=1.17, 95% CI: 1.11-1.23, I2=41%). (5) For patients with motor aphasia after ischemic stroke, compared with PSA alone, HA plus PSA showed significantly higher accumulative markedly effective rate (RR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.06-1.79, I2=0%) and accumulative effective rate (RR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.05-1.37, I2=0%). Meta-regression analyses were performed without significant difference, and publication bias was found in some comparisons.@*CONCLUSION@#HA plus SLR was significantly associated with better language ability and higher effective rate for patients with post-stroke aphasia, and HA should be operated cautiously especially during acupuncture at eye and neck. (Registration No. CRD42020154475).
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Humans , Acupuncture Therapy , Aphasia/rehabilitation , Ischemic Stroke , Language , Prostate-Specific Antigen , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Stroke/therapyABSTRACT
Objective: To explore the mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza in treatment of microcirculatory disturbance based on network pharmacology. Methods: The targets of S. miltiorrhiza’s active components for treatment of microcirculatory disturbance were screened and predicted by utilizing TCMSP, PubChem Search, Genecards database and Swiss target prediction online tool. Cytoscape 3.3.0 software was adopted to construct an active component-microcirculatory disturbance target network. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established by using STRING database. DAVID database was used to analyze metabolism pathway in target gene ontology (GO) biological process, Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and gnomes (KEGG). Results: Totally 65 active components of S. miltiorrhiza and nine related targets were screened. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that active components of S. miltiorrhiza participated in oxidation-reduction process, cellular calcium ion homeostasis and other biological processes, and S. miltiorrhiza may regulate VEGF signaling pathway, cholinergic synapse signal transduction, oxytocin signaling pathway, aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption pathway and so on. Conclusion: This study reflects the characteristics of multi-components, multi-targets, and multi-pathways of S. miltiorrhiza in the treatment of microcirculation disturbance, which may provide new ideas and methodology for further research on the treatment of microcirculatory disturbance using S. miltiorrhiza.
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Objective: To explore the mechanism of Shenqi Jiangtang Granules (SJG) in the treatment of diabetic microcirculation disorder based on network pharmacology. Methods: The targets of diabetic kidney disease, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic foot disease and small cerebral vascular disease were searched through Genecards database to be integrated as the targets of diabetic microcirculation disorder disease. The targets of SJG' active components for treatment of diabetic microcirculation disorder were screened and predicted by utilizing PubChem Search and Swiss target prediction online tool. Cytoscape 3.3.0 software was adopted to construct an active component-diabetic microcirculation disorder target network. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established by using STRING database. Gene ontology (GO) biological process and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Gnomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed using Clue GO. Results: A total of 85 active components of SJG and 10 targets (ACE, VEGFA, TNF, IL6, STAT3, ALB, PON1, PTPN22, PPARG and NOS3) related to diabetic microcirculation disorder were screened. Through GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, it was found that the active components of SJG in the treatment of diabetic microcirculation disorder may participate in multiple signaling pathways, such as AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, HIF-1 signaling pathway, insulin resistance, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. Conclusion: This study reflects the characteristics of multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways of SJG, which provides new ideas and clues for further research on the mechanism of SJG in the treatment of diabetic microcirculation disorder.
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Objective: To analyze the molecular biological mechanism of Shenqi Jiangtang Granules (SJG) in the treatment of lipid metabolism disorder based on network pharmacology and glucolipid metabolic disorders (GLMD) theory. Methods: The targets of SJG's active components for treatment of lipid metabolism disorder were screened and predicted by utilizing PubChem Search, Genecards database and Swiss target prediction online tool. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established by using STRING database. Cytoscape 3.3.0 software was adopted to construct a disease-active component-potential target network. Gene ontology (GO) biological process and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Gnomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed using Clue GO. Results: A total of 115 active components of SJG and 22 targets related to lipid metabolism disorder were screened. The active components of SJG regulated intermediate-density lipoprotein particle remodeling, glycolytic process by regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter and leukotriene production involved in inflammatory response, and participated in AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway and bile secretion. Conclusion: This study reflects the characteristics of multi-components, multi-targets, and multi-pathways of SJG, and provides new ideas and clues for new application of SJG, which is consistent with the GLMD theory.
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Objective@#To evaluate the relationship between p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) in the development of persistent postoperative pain in rats.@*Methods@#Pathogen-free healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 200-250 g, aged 2 months, were used in this study.Sixty rats in which intrathecal catheters were successfully implanted were divided into 6 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (group S), sham operation plus dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group (group D), sham operation plus GRK2 degradation inhibitor MDL28170 group (group M), persistent postoperative pain group (group PPP), persistent postoperative pain plus DMSO group (group PPP+ D) and persistent postoperative pain plus MDL28170 group (group PPP+ M). Persistent postoperative pain was evoked by skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR). Immediately after operation and at 1, 2 and 3 days after operation, normal saline 20 μl was intrathecally injected once a day in S and PPP groups, 5% DMSO 10 μl was intrathecally injected once a day in D and PPP+ D groups, and MDL28170 10 μl (50 μg) was intrathecally injected once a day in M and PPP+ M groups.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) was measured at 1 day before operation and 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after operation (T1-4). Four rats in each group were selected after behavioral testing at T3 and sacrificed, and the L4-6 segments of the spinal cord were removed for determination of the expression of phosphorylated p38MAPK (p-p38MAPK) by Western blot.@*Results@#There was no significant difference in MWT at each time point or expression of p-p38MAPK among group S, group D and group M (P>0.05). Compared with group S, the MWT was significantly decreased, and the expression of p-p38MAPK was up-regulated in PPP, PPP+ D and PPP+ M groups (P<0.05). Compared with group PPP, the MWT was significantly increased, and the expression of p-p38MAPK was down-regulated in group PPP+ M (P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the MWT or expression of p-p38MAPK in group PPP+ D (P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#Down-regulated expression of spinal GRK2 can promote the activation of p38MAPK in the spinal cord and is involved in the development of persistent postoperative pain in rats.
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Objective To evaluate the relationship between p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) in the development of persistent postoperative pain in rats.Methods Pathogen-free healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 200-250 g,aged 2 months,were used in this study.Sixty rats in which intrathecal catheters were successfully implanted were divided into 6 groups (n =10 each) using a random number table method:sham operation group (group S),sham operation plus dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group (group D),sham operation plus GRK2 degradation inhibitor MDL28170 group (group M),persistent postoperative pain group (group PPP),persistent postoperative pain plus DMSO group (group PPP+D) and persistent postoperative pain plus MDL28170 group (group PPP+M).Persistent postoperative pain was evoked by skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR).Immediately after operation and at 1,2 and 3 days after operation,normal saline 20 μl was intrathecally injected once a day in S and PPP groups,5％ DMSO 10 μl was intrathecally injected once a day in D and PPP+D groups,and MDL28170 10 μl (50 μg) was intrathecally injected once a day in M and PPP+M groups.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) was measured at 1 day before operation and 3,7,14 and 21 days after operation (T1-4).Four rats in each group were selected after behavioral testing at T3 and sacrificed,and the L4-6 segments of the spinal cord were removed for determination of the expression of phosphorylated p38MAPK (p-p38MAPK) by Western blot.Results There was no significant difference in MWT at each time point or expression of p-p38MAPK among group S,group D and group M (P＞0.05).Compared with group S,the MWT was significantly decreased,and the expression of p-p38MAPK was up-regulated in PPP,PPP+D and PPP +M groups (P＜ 0.05).Compared with group PPP,the MWT was significantly increased,and the expression of p-p38MAPK was down-regulated in group PPP+M (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the MWT or expression of p-p38MAPK in group PPP+D (P＞0.05).Conclusion Down-regulated expression of spinal GRK2 can promote the activation of p38MAPK in the spinal cord and is involved in the development of persistent postoperative pain in rats.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility and short-term outcomes of laparoscopic D3 lymphadenectomy along the left of SMA for right colon cancer.METHODS: The clinical data of 134 patients with right colon cancer admitted from June 2015 to March 2017 in Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery,Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 57 patients received the laparoscopic D3 lymphadenectomy along the left of SMA and 77 patients received the laparoscopic D3 lymphadenectomy along the left of SMV.RESULTS: There was no statistical difference between the two groups in operation time,intra-operative blood loss,time of liquid intake and post-operative hospital stay,but the SMA group had a longer duration of tube drainage and larger total volume of drainage[(471.4±285.6)mL vs.(352.2±305.7)mL,(7.0±4.9)d vs.(5.7±2.0)d,P=0.02 和 P=0.03]. The SMA group harvested more lymph nodes than the SMV group(26.5±6.7 vs. 21.3±7.8,P<0.0001). However,the SMA group had a higher rate of post-operative complications(28.1% vs. 13.0%, P=0.04).CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic D3 lymphadenectomy along the left side of SMA for right colon cancer is feasible but had a higher rate of post-operative complications.
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Objective To evaluate the application of the dual-energy CT (DECT) in detection of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in gout patients.Methods The imaging and clinical data of 101 patients with suspected gout were retrospectively analyzed,including 64 cases of clinically diagnosed gout (gout group) and 37 non-gout cases (non-gout group).The DECT examination was performed for 85 joints in gout group and 42 joints in non-joint group.The value of DECT in detection of MSU crystals was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results There were significant differences in gender (x2=5.32,P=0.03) and blood uric acid levels (t=1.95,P=0.04) between gout and non-gout groups.The detection rate of MSU in gout group was significantly higher than that of non-gout group (x2=30.52,P＜0.001).The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of DECT in detection of was 0.74±0.05 (Mean±SE),95％CI:0.64-0.85.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the DECT in detection of gouty stone was 0.844,0.703,83.1％ and 72.2％,respectively.Conclusion The dual-energy CT has high sensitivity,specificity and reliability for the detection and diagnosis of monosodium urate crystals in joints of gout patients.
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As a widely existing natural nanoparticle in living organisms, ferritin nanocage was proven to be a potential nanomaterial in the biomedical field, due to its excellent biocompatibility, specific active targeting properties, ease for preparation or modification, and unique self-assembly properties. This review presents an overview of ferritin nanocage in structural characteristics, surface modifications, and outlines its practical applications for drug delivery, medical imaging, as well as disease diagnosis or treatment. The researches of ferritin nanocage as drug carriers are classified and summarized in carrying different kinds of chemical components of drugs or nucleic acid according to different characteristics. Finally, the prospects in the development of ferritin nanocage are also outlined.
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Objective To investigate the change of spinal G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) expression in persistent postoperative pain evoked by skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR) in rats.Methods 40 male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into 2 groups (n =20) using a random number table:sham operation group and skin/muscle incision and retraction group (SMIR group).A rat model of peristent postoperativepain evoked by SMIR was made according to the method described by Flatters.Pain behavior was assessed by paw mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) to yon Frey filament stimulationintensity at 1 d before operation (T0) and 3 d (T1),7 d (T2),14 d (T3) and 21 d (T4) after operation.4 rats in each group were sacrificed at T0-4,the L4-L6 segments of the spinal cord were obtained for determination of GRK2 expression in the spinal cord by Western blot.Results Compared with T0,the MWT was significantly decreased and the expression of spinal GRK2 was down-regulated at T1-T4 in SMIR group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with sham operation group,the MWT and the expression of spinal GRK2 was decreased at T1-T4 in SMIR group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The down-regulation of expression of spinal GRK2 may be involved in the development and maintenance of persistent postoperative pain in rats evoked by SMIR.
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Objective To evaluate the role of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 ( SOCS3) in the spinal cord of chronic sciatic constriction injury ( CCI) mice. Methods Part one:four Kunming mice were selected to receive the CCI operation by sciatic nerve ligation. Seven days after operation the mice were sac-rificed and L4～6 segments of the spinal cord were removed. The co-expression of SOCS3 with NeuN ( for neurons),GFAP (for astrocytes),or IBA1 (for microglia) in spinal were detected by immunohistofluores-cence. Part two:thirty-two Kunming mice were divided into 4 groups according to random number table:sham operation group (group SH),CCI group (group BP),CCI+Lenti-SOCS3 group (group BS),CCI +Lenti-vector group (group BV). Group BS were intrathcal injected of Lenti-SOCS3 (2 μl) and group BV were intrathcal injected of Lenti-vector (2 μl) on 7 d,8 d,9 d after operation. Paw withdrawal latency ( PWL) and paw withdrawal threshold ( PWT) were measured at 1 d before operation and 5,7,10,12,14 d after operation. Mice were then sacrificed and L4～6 segments of the spinal cord were removed for determina-tion of GFAP,IBA-1 by Western blot and IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α by Elisa on 14 d. Results SOCS3 was dis-tributed in dorsal horn,and expressed in astrocytes and microglia,but hardly colocalized with neurons. Com-pared with group SH,the PWL and PWT of group BP and BV were significantly decreased after operation (all P<0. 05),and the expression of GFAP,IBA-1,IL-6,IL-1β and TNF-α was significantly increased (all P<0. 05). Compared with group BV,the PWL (5. 1±0. 9,7. 5±0. 8,7. 2±1. 4) and PWT (6. 1±1. 4,8. 9± 1. 1,8. 2±2. 1) of group BS was significantly increased on 10,12,14 d (all P<0. 05),and the expression of GFAP (1. 69±0. 45),IBA-1(1. 76±0. 25),IL-6 (181±8),IL-1β (151±7),TNF-α (216±9) was signifi-cantly downregulated (P<0. 05) . Conclusion SOCS3 alleviates neuropathic pain by inhibiting the glial ac-tivation and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α.
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DNA hydrogels,combining the features of both DNA and hydrogels macromolecules,are endowed with the biologi?cal characters of DNA and the framed structure of hydrogels skeleton.Currently,most DNA hydrogels can achieve sensitive response to temperature,pH,light,and small molecule stimuli,by introducing specific groups or sequences into their backbone.Therefore, the functional properties of DNA hydrogels can be further improved.In this review,we introduce the mentioned stimuli-response DNA hydrogels,as well as their applications in drug controlled-releasing,targeted cancer therapy,biosensor and others.Finally,the pros?pects in the development of DNA hydrogels are also mentioned.
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Objective To compare the efficacy of four different methods to locate tracheal tube in the tracheal:modified transillumination method,21/23 cm rule,marked the intubation at a distance,and fiberoptic bronchoscope.Methods A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted.120 endotracheally intubated adult patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification Ⅰ-Ⅱ and admitted to Central Hospital of Fengxian in Shanghai from January to March 2015 were enrolled.The patients were randomly divided into four groups (n =30) and located by 21/23 cm rule,marked the intubation at a distance,fiberoptic bronchoscope and modified transillumination method (using homemade locator guided by a red laser fiber to position the depth of tube) respectively.An endotracheal tube was inserted and measured the distance of the tube tip to the carina (TTC),vocal cords to tracheal tube cuff (VC-TC) in three different neck positions,i.e.neck in flexion,neutral,and extension position.The number of improper position in four groups was recorded.Results There were no significant differences in gender,age,and body mass index among the four groups.Six of the 30 patients using marked tracheal tuba method failed to find vocal cords with laryngoscope,while the other three methods all completed successfully.① From neck flexion to extension,TTC was gradually increased,while VC-TC was gradually decreased.In neck flexion and extension positions,TTC distance in the 21/23 cm rule group was significantly shorter than that in the fiberoptic bronchoscope group (cm:1.44 ± 1.14 vs.2.11 ±0.54,3.01 ±1.18 vs.3.80±0.71,both P ＜ 0.05),and the distance was also shorter than that in modified transillumination method group (cm:1.44 ± 1.14 vs.1.93 ± 0.81,3.01--1.18 vs.3.45 ± 0.91,both P ＞ 0.05).VC-TC distance in the 21/23 cm rule group was significantly longer than that in the modified transillumination,the marked intubation,and the fiberoptic bronchoscope groups in neck neutral and extension positions,respectively (cm:3.07 ± 1.08 vs.2.28±0.76,2.29±0.90,2.49±0.86;2.64±0.94 vs.1.82±0.72,1.81-0.94,2.02±0.91,all P ＜ 0.05).TTC and VC-TC distances in three neck positions in the modified transiflumination group were shorter than those in the fiberoptic bronchoscope group without statistical significance.② If TTC was too short,an accidental bronchus intubation could happen,while if VC-TC was too short,an accidental damage of the vocal cord inducing by the cuff press could happen.In the 21/23 cm rule group,there were 7 cases that the tube wrongly inserted to bronchus in neck flexion,and 1 case in neutral and extension positions respectively.In the marked intubation group,there were 4 cases that the tube wrongly inserted into bronchus in neck flexion,and 1 case in neck neutral position,and there were 4 cases that the vocal cords were pressed by the cuffs in extension position.In the modified transillumintion and the fiberoptic bronchoscope groups,there was only 1 case that the tube wrongly inserted to bronchus in neck flexion respectively.Conclusions When neck position changed during trachea intubation,it was easier that the tube wrongly inserted to bronchus for 21/23 cm rule method to locate the position.Bronchus intubations and cuff press vocal cords could happen using the marked tube method,which was less be found using modified transillumination or fiberoptic bronchoscope methods.Finally,the modified transillumination methods can be used to locate with satisfactory effect.
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ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of auscultation, partial pressure of carbon dioxide in end-expiration (PETCO2), transillumination technique to judge whether the endotracheal tube is misplaced into the esophagus. Methods A blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted. Sixty patients with American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) gradeⅠ-Ⅱundergoing endotracheal intubation in Fengxian Central Hospital admitted from September 2014 to February 2015 were enrolled. Two endotracheal tubes with the same size were respectively inserted into the trachea and esophagus for the same depth after general anesthesia by the same person. Two blinded anesthetists with different experience checked the tube position using three methods including auscultation, PETCO2, and transillumination technique, respectively. The order of the tubes tested (trachea or esophagus) and the method used were randomized according to randomise numbers table. The experienced anesthetists conducted the test first, followed by an inexperienced anesthetist conducting the same methods. The numbers of right and wrong determinations with different methods by different anesthetists were recorded.Results Sixty patients underwent the procedures for 180 times, with intratracheal intubation for 90 times, and esophageal intubation for 90 times. It was shown that the results were not different in two groups [96.7% (174/180) vs. 92.2% (166/180),χ2 = 3.500,P = 0.057]. By using auscultation, the correct rate of experienced anesthetist was higher than that of inexperienced (95.0% vs. 78.3%,χ2 = 5.786,P = 0.013). Using PETCO2, both anesthetists were correct in all cases, and the accuracy was 100%. Using transillumination, the experienced anesthetist was mistaken in 3 cases (accuracy was 95.0%), while the inexperienced mistook in 1 case (accuracy was 98.3%), and no significant difference was found between two groups (χ2 = 0.500,P = 0.250). The correct rate of using transilluminaion was significantly higher than that of using auscultation (χ2 = 7.563,P = 0.004). The sensitivity and specificity of the auscultation was 70.0% and 80.0%, that of transillumination technique was 96.7% and 93.3%,and PETCO2 was 100%, respectively, for two groups.ConclusionsPETCO2 is the most reliable method for determining tube position, and it is superior to auscultation and transilluminaion. Transillumintaion technique is superior to auscultation, irrespective of anesthetists' experience, while the accuracy of auscultation showed an obvious relationship with the anesthetists' experience.
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A new mathematical equation characterizing the compression of pharmaceutical materials is presented. This equation presumed that the rate of change of the compressible volume of powder with respect to the pressure is proportional to the compressible volume. The new model provided a good fit to several model substances employing non-linear regression techniques. The validity of the model had been verified with experimental results of various pharmaceutical powders according to the Akaikes informatics criterion (AIC) and the sum of squared deviations (SS). The parameter of the new model might reflect quantitatively the fundamental compression behaviors of the powders. It had demonstrated that the proposed model could well predict the compaction characteristics of solid particles like the Kawakita model.
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Compressive Strength , Nonlinear Dynamics , Powders , Chemistry , PressureABSTRACT
Recombinant baculovirus containing sigmaC gene of Avian reovirus was constructed using Bac-To-Bac Baculovirus expression system, and recombinant sigmaC protein was expressed by infecting the sf9 cell with recombinant baculovirus. Firstly, sigmaC gene of Avian reovirus was cloned and inserted into donor plasmid pFastBacHTA to obtain recombinant donor plasmid pFsigmaC. Plasmid pFsigmaC was transformed into E. coli DH10Bac for integration into bacmid vector and the recombinant bacmid plasmid BacmidsigmaC was obtained. Recombinant baculovirus rBacsigmaC was obtained by transfection of the sf9 cells with BacmidsigmaC. Western blot and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) were carried and the results showed that the recombinant sigmaC protein with 37 kDa molecular weight was expressed successfully.
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Animals , Baculoviridae , Genetics , Capsid Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Cell Line , Cloning, Molecular , Gene Expression , Genetic Vectors , Genetics , Metabolism , Orthoreovirus, Avian , Genetics , Metabolism , Recombinant Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Spodoptera , TransfectionABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the accuracy and clinical efficacy of low field phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography(PC-MRA),CTA and 3D-DSA in the diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease.Methods 70 patients with clinically suspected cerebrovascular diseases were examined with PC-MRA,CTA and 3D-DSA.The sensitivity in detecting the cerebrovascular disease with these three methods were compared.Results Fifty-one patients were detected with cerebrovascular diseases in seventy patients by three imaging methods,including 36 aneurysms in 33 cases and 18 arteriovenous amlformations.33,34 and 35 aneurysms,17,16 and 18 arteriovenous malformations were detected by PC-MRA , CTA and 3D-DSA respectively , the sensitivity were 91.67% and 94.44%,94.44% and 88.89%,97.22% and 100% respectively.There were no significant difference in the sensitivity of detecting aneurysm and arteriovenous malformation between these three imaging methods(P＞0.05).Conclusion PC-MRA,CTA and 3D-DSA are no of difference in diagnosis of cerebrovascular malformation.
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Objective To study CT and MR imaging features of pulmonary carcinoma of mediastinal type.Methods CT and MRI data (including anatomic site,size,shape,margin of the tumors and the relationship between tumors and mediastinum) of 15 patients with pulmonary carcinoma of mediastinal type confirmed by surgery and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.All patients underwent plain CT scans,and 11 of them also underwent contrast-enhanced CT scans,and 3 of them underwent plain MR scans and Gd-DTPA enhanced MR scans.Results On CT and MRI,the single mass was located subpleural of mediastinum with wide base.There were 5 cases of small cell lung carcinoma,8 squamous carcinoma,1 adenocarcinoma and 1 adenosquamous carcinoma.The majority of tumors manifested as ellipse.The tumors were lobulated in 12 and spicular margins in nine.8 tumors located in superior mediastinum,5 in medium mediastinum,2 in infra mediastinum and 12 in the borderline between the anterior mediastinum and medinum mediastinum.The tumors and enlarged lymph nodes of hilar and mediastinum connected closely in 7 cases.The bronchus were stenosed or obstructed by the tumors in 9 cases,and metastatic bone destruction of thoracic cage in 4 cases.Conclusion The pulmonary carcinoma of mediastinal type is easy misdiagnosed,CT and MRI findings in combination with clinical data can improve its diagnostic rate.
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Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), calcium phosphate (DCP)/MCC (4:1, w/w) and lactose (Lac)/MCC (4:1) pellets with different intragranular porosity were prepared in an extrusion-spheronizator and three volume ratios of ethanol/water were used as binder agents to prepare pellets. The compression behaviors of these pellets with different intragranular pore volume were evaluated with the parameters of Kawakita model. The results showed that high pore volume of pellets made up of MCC had the best compressibility and low pore volume of pellets had a poor compactibility. However, the compressibility of different porosity of pellets made up of DCP/MCC (4:1) or Lac/MCC (4:1) was good, but they were not significantly different. The reason might be the main compression mechanism of high porosity of MCC pellets was plastic deformation and that of DCP/MCC pellets or Lac/MCC pellets was not plastic deformation but fragmentation. These results can be observed directly by the SEM photographs. According to these results, the conclusion could be drawn that high porosity MCC pellets and different porosity DCP/MCC pellets and Lac/MCC pellets can be used as cushion granules to maintain the original shape and release characteristics of drug pellets when pellets were tabletted.
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Calcium Phosphates , Chemistry , Cellulose , Chemistry , Drug Compounding , Methods , Excipients , Lactose , Chemistry , Microspheres , Porosity , Pressure , TabletsABSTRACT
Fluidized-bed manufactured enteric-coated diclofenac sodium pellets were compressed into tablets. The blend of two aqueous acrylic resins dispersion in different ratios, Eudragit NE30D and Eudragit L30D-55, were used to prepare enteric-coated diclofenac sodium pellets of different particle sizes and coating level. The cushioning pellets with different properties and these enteric-coated pellets were compressed into tablets in different proportions. The drug release of the tablets containing these pellets would be lower than 10% in 2 h in simulated gastric fluid, but reach (83 +/- 2.42)% in 1 h in simulated enteric fluid. The mixture of Eudragit NE30D and Eudragit L30D-55 could be used to prepare enteric pellets which are suitable for compression. The cushioning pellets which were composed of stearic acid/microcrystalline cellulose (4:1, w/w) could avoid rupture of the coating of pellets during the compression.